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An inland delta that floods in the dry season, 4,500 rock paintings at Tsodilo, and a deliberate choice to keep tourism small and costly.

The world’s only coastal fog desert, rock engravings at /Ui-//aes, and a colonial history the country is still publicly reckoning with.

Kilimanjaro, the medieval trading ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani, and seven World Heritage sites across a country of mountain, plain and coast.

Nyungwe’s rainforest, primates at altitude, and four genocide memorial sites now on the World Heritage List: Rwanda asks to be understood, not only visited.

Mountain gorillas in Bwindi, the royal tombs at Kasubi, and forests that climb from the plains toward the snowline of the Rwenzori range.

The sacred hill at Ambohimanga, the limestone tsingy of the western dry forests, and an island whose story is human as well as natural.

Lake Malawi’s endemic cichlids, the rock art at Chongoni, and the sacred inselberg of Mulanje: a small country that rewards the unhurried.

Le Morne, where escaped slaves sheltered, and Aapravasi Ghat, where indenture began: an island carrying far more history than beach.

Fez after ten centuries of building, the earthen ksar at Ait Ben Haddou, and a country whose entire World Heritage record is architecture.

Carthage, the free-standing amphitheater at El Jem, and a whole island inscribed for the way people settled it: ten sites on a coast sold as a beach.

Cidade Velha was the first European town built in the tropics and a platform for the Atlantic trade in enslaved people. Creole culture began there.

The walled city of Harar and the Gedeo agroforestry landscape: two of twelve inscriptions, read against travel advice that closes much of the country.

The Osun sacred grove and the terraced hill settlement at Sukur: two World Heritage sites, one of them inside the region both advisories close.

Aldabra, where a herbivore sits at the top of the food chain, and a palm forest on Praslin holding the largest seed in the plant kingdom.

Goree, which UNESCO calls both a reminder of human exploitation and a sanctuary for reconciliation, and a thousand stone circles along the Gambia.